„Український” дизайн „Українського Календаря” як візуалізація національної ідентичності українців Польщі

The article deals with the graphic design of the “Ukrainian Calendar” – an annual publication that was issued by the Ukrainian community in Poland in the period 1957–1988. Different communication and stylistic constructions were designed to represent national identity in a number of ways. Folk art patterns would illustrate a rich tradition, adding a ‘peasant’ connotation at the same time. Traditional costumes from Central Ukraine, Cossack in particular, would communicate the idea of national unity. Graphic quotations from manuscripts and early printed books as well as historical forms of the Cyrillic alphabet would describe Ukraine’s great history and cultural development through the centuries. Motifs from Kyiv Rus and Cossack art would remind viewers of the tradition of state-building. Concerning the overall style of the publication, there were symmetrically balanced and pattern-decorated layouts as well as the dynamic positioning of stylized elements. Several issues of the Calendar demonstrate attempts to modernize the national image. With ‘op-art’, ‘pop-art’ and ‘international style’ designs they shape Ukrainian identity as being contemporary and global. Generally, the publication illustrates the tensions between the traditional and modern; it is also a ‘hybrid’ between Diaspora and Soviet periodicals of the time